Offshore Black Sea – a New World Class Frontier Just Opened for Business

AAPG & AAPG European Region Energy Conference and Exhibition (November 18-21, 2007) Technical Program includes a session called, International Hot Spots – The Black Sea

I have collected from these sessions abstracts from the AAPG conference in Athens 2007th In particular regions such as Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia and Georgia were covered during the sessions. Some examples from the offshore and onshore Turkey, were also covered during these meetings. The under explored offshore Black Sea gained more attention for the last few years has been collected for more information. In particular, offshore Ukraine, several generations of some potential offshore 2D seismic results so far, not been discovered. But since the mid-1990s, there was some interest by the first generation of 2D seismic and seismic CCCP some older, pre 1990s. With this combination we want more interest to the Black Sea offshore support, as we see this as an area for the future as oil and gas legislation in view Bounding mature countries and is always open to international oil and gas companies, and investors.
Since the conference was held, there have been some important news about Ukraine offshore.

The Prykerchenska block in the offshore Black Sea region has been awarded Vanco International Limited. This award marks a new trend offshore Ukraine. For the first time a Production Sharing Agreement was developed with an international oil and gas companies in Ukraine.
The PSA for the 12 960 km2, or 3 2 million hectares offshore first production sharing agreement of Ukraine won by Vanco in April 2006 and negotiations were in the first PSA Final Quarter was completed in 2008. This PSA makes it possible to carry for Vanco, a new 3D seismic and plan for a deep water exploration and within the first three years of the PSA.
Vanco has more models play in the Oligocene Miocene associated stratigraphy. Play models of compression anticlines in the front of the shed and cut off electricity fold belt set traps within the same scheme. Types of traps such as slope fan deposits with semi-structural mechanisms, trap, aircraft compactional anticlines and stratigraphic traps are also in the Sorokin foredeep section shown. Vanco also has great potential models play in the Paleocene Eocene reefs, where they identified several anticlinal structures depicted. In addition they may able to keep the Upper Jurassic reef structures, the potential large quantities of hydrocarbons have been identified.
Vanco sees a big unexplored deep sea with several games concepts. The block may yield up to sixth Prykerchenska 4 billion barrels of oil – which makes it a “World makes
Class “project. Numerous prospects have direct hydrocarbon indicators and oil has been
found in the trend in the vicinity of the block. ? Vanco does a work designed to mature drilling locations in the Sudak Fold Belt and Prospect on the Tetyaev. The 3D seismic acquisition will begin in the second quarter of 2008 and will be conducted in two areas on the Tetyaev Prospect and to about 1238 km2. The other 3D applications is proposed that the B Sudak views and approximately 1800 km2 are. Tetyaev proect is believed probably around 2091 MMBO and B Sudak area most likely prospects to 1370 MMBO of hydrocarbons.
The prospect has Tetyaev have an areal extent of approximately 225 km2 and believed that a vertical closure of 700 meters. The water depth at the site is approximately 2185 meters view and the view is at 4800 meters.

On the other is Andrusov high observation area with a magnitude of about 110 km2 and identified with a vertical closure of 700 meters. The resource is Möstl are likely to 385 MMBO in a water depth of 2225 meters and the target depth of 5400 meters.

Upper Jurassic reefs of the western Caucasus-Crimea hydrocarbon implications for the Eastern Black Sea
Guo1 Li, Stephen J. Vincent 1, Samuel P. Rice 1, and Vladimir Lavrishchev2. (1), CASP, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, 181a Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DH, United Kingdom, Telephone: +44 1223 337 068, li. Guo @ Casp. cam. ac UK, (2) Kavkazgeols’emka, Ul. Kislovodskaya 203, Yessentuki, Russia
Widespread Upper Jurassic reefs are important potential reservoir facies in the eastern Black Sea Basin. Russian seismic reflection data from northern Shatskiy Ridge have potential reef-facies deposits up to 1-2 km thick and 10-20 km wide. Data are of excellent onshore exposures in the Russian Western Caucasus and the Crimea, an analogous reservoir for offshore targets. A model for the development and distribution of carbonate reefs will be presented with regard to possible alternative tectonic settings for the Upper Jurassic in the northern Tethys margin.
Well-preserved outcrops of Upper Jurassic reefs can be grouped in Coral-dominated siliceous-microbial and microbial species. Stubs and massive coral reefs dominated by shallow-water platform margins, or something deeper water formed in the mid-shelf limited settings. Siliceous sponge-microbial and microbial reefs occur as lenses and mounds and are restricted to deeper water mid-outer shelf environments. The development of these reefs was mainly from local variations in water depth, light control, and the availability of nutrients.
The reefs show a complex pattern of porosity development reflects diagenetic independent stories with shallow and deep-burial dolomitization and dissolution Dedolomitisierung. The porosity is dominated particularly common in coral-reef facies and consists of primary and secondary types.
Coral reefs are dominated analogous to expect onshore outcrops in the Russian Caucasus Western along the northwest margin of the carbonate platform in the eastern Yuzhnyi-Adler Black Sea. Possible isolated deep water reefs off the northern Shatskiy Ridge mapped could largely consist of siliceous-microbialite and microbialite facies. Similar reef facies may be present on the Mid Black Sea High.
Lithostratigraphy of the Upper Jurassic – Cretaceous Deposits and Hydrocarbon Perspective in the Romanian Shelf of the Black Sea
Ovidiu Nicolae Dragastan, Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, University of Bucharest, Bulevardul N Balcescu No. 1, Bucharest, Romania 010 041, Tel: 0040729610876, ovidiud @ geo. edu. ro
In the bottom of the Romanian Black Sea (offshore), drilled Petr Omar Co. and nuclei of the Middle and Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous deposits received and those Paleogene and Neogene. The Mesozoic and Cenozoic deposits is owned by two main geological units: the North Dobrogea Orogen and the Moesian Platform. In the offshore of the North Dobrogea Orogen three cycles of sedimentation have been identified: 1 A lower transgressive cycle according to the compression phase of synrift 1 (Bajocian-Callovian?) The final stage possible, according to a “general” unconformity or a break until one between the Middle and Upper Jurassic, with black calcium and siltic turbidites (Heraclea Formation) . 2nd A middle transgressive compression phase through mud bricks together within mudstones and siltstones (Pontus Formation), Upper Jurassic-Neocomian followed at the age of the synrift 2 through a break up two of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary and intra-Neocomian different times fall gaps. 3rd Senon to a large upper stage postrift Albian, sat down in the Paleogene and Neogene. Many short and long gaps have been handed down that includes the Cretaceous deposits. Three source rocks for hydrocarbon generation can be identified: – the black clay, siltic too thick sandstones of Heraclea Formation (Middle Jurassic in age), about 1000 meters. – The black argillites of the Pontus Formation (Neocomian) and – the Oligocene-Miocene bituminous shale, clay and marl, known more or less than the Maikop beds.
Hydrocarbon accumulation in the Permian-Triassic reservoirs of the Moesian Platform
Pene Constantin1, Niculescu Bogdan1 and Mitru Daniela2. (1) Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Bucharest, 6 Traian Vuia Street, Bucharest, RO – 020 956, Romania Phone: +40 21 3181588, penec @ gg UNIBUC. ro, (2) TEI Kozani, TEI Kozani, 114, Ioanis, Kozani, Kozani, Greece
Romanian oil tank containing hydrocarbon fields in the Triassic reservoirs identified only in the northwest of the platform and in its south Moesian an “oil-show was.” This distribution of oil and gas fields is a little puzzling, because its position in relation to the Bals-Optasi Uplift. Well logs, cores, define some seismic profiles and maps of the lithophacies depositional systems and the dispersal pattern of the reservoir and sealing of the Triassic formations. The Permian-Triassic deposits consist of three lithostratigraphic formations: Lower Detrital Red (LRD FM) (Lower Triassic), carbonate-evaporite (CE FM) (Middle Triassic) and Upper Red Detrital (URD FM) (Upper Triassic). The lower part of the LRD and URD Fm Fm consists of several coarsening-upward parasequences deposited in deltaic and fluvial environments of the lowstand systems tract during a forced regression. The upper part of the LRD consists of Fm-fining parasequences above that a strong sugests transgression. This development is the result of the Permian-Triassic riftogenesis. The main reservoir is a very well-sorted sandstone (sandstone Bradesti “). The seals are made of clay associated with evaporite rocks. The reservoirs of the CE-Fm consists of limestones and dolomites are mainly in the lower part of this formation and the poems composed by evaporitic rocks. Analysis of the main reservoirs Triassic (sandstone and dolomite and limestone Bradesti in the CE-Fm) suggests that there are other interested parties in the areas of hydrocarbon accumulations in the southern part of the Bals-Optasi Uplift.
Tectonic style and Oil and Gas Accumulation in the Moldavian Platform
Pene Constantin1, Negulescu Rodica2 and Coltoi Octavian1. (1) Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Bucharest, 6 Traian Vuia Street, Bucharest, RO – 020 956, Romania Phone: +40 21 3181588, penec @ gg UNIBUC. ro, (2) Prospectiuni SA, Prospectiuni SA, Caransebes Street, 1, Bucharest, 020 834, Romania
The Moldovan Platform represents the western part of the East European platform. Seismic profiles, well logs, cores and geological maps and cross sections show that during the Alpine orogeny, the western part of the platform was gradually reduced from the East-Carpathian orogenic belts underthrusted. This structural development monoclinal pressed a character of the deposits and they dip westward beneath the Carpathian foredeep (molasses) and East-Carpathian flysch. The compression tectonic regime by slowly strike-slip movements accompanied and punctuated by brief moments of printed extension of the main tectonic style of the Moldavian Platform. It is mainly dominated by a fault network with two directions. A system of first big mistake, almost parallel with the eastern Carpathian orogenic belts is the NNW-SSE orientation (Paltinoasa Fault, West Paltinoasa Siret Fault and Fault). The second system consists of small faults cross (oriented EW), and it produces more tectonic block orientations, the longitudinal failure to follow track. The older deposits than the upper Sarmatian those falling under the Eastern Carpathians step by step along major faults. The tectonic blocks folded on each step and generates gentle anticlines and faulted monoclines. The intense compressional regime and the high rate of reduction of the Sarmatian deposits lithostratigrafic favors the formation of the traps. The gas and gas condensate in Albian, Baden and Sarmatian sandstones and marl and anhydrite seal reservoir systems. The study of the tectonic development of the Moldavian Platform proposes new prospective areas for gas and gas condensate deposits in the Pre-Baden.
Paleocene carbonate platform facies distribution (the northern part of the catchment area of the Black Sea, Ukrainian offshore)
Sergii Vakarchuk, Department of Industrial Complex geology research, Scientific Research Institute of Oil and Gas Industry (Naukanaftogaz) Uritskogo St., 45, Kiev, 03035, Ukraine, Tel: 380 445 850 219 Fax: 380 442 487 101, Vakarchuk @ naukanaftogaz. Kiev. UA, like chepil Piter, Scientific Research Institute of Oil and Gas Industry (Naukanaftogaz) Uritskogo St., 45, Kiev, 03 035, and Tetyana Dovzhok, Institute of Oil and Gas Geology of problems, Scientific Research Institute of Oil and Gas Industry ( Naukanaftogaz) Uritskogo St., 45, Kiev, 03035, Ukraine.
This study is detailed facies classification and mapping procedure of the Paleocene carbonates that are made recently in this order by several discoveries of oil and gas is. An analysis based on an integrated interpretation of core sets are based protocols and drilled for more than 40 deep wells in different tectonic zones of the basin and the regional and local seismic data. Carbonates of Paleocene occur at a depth of 500-6000 m and extend over most of the structural-tectonic zones of the Black Sea basin. The thickness of these sediments changes 50-100 m to 600-900m. The study pack stone several zones in the carbonate sediments of the Paleocene facies: Littoral (change of skeletal and Wackestones, lime mudstones, marl, sandstone and limestone, siltstones) reveals intra-shelf (skeletal Wackestones pack and 60-70% of stone, marl 10 – 20%, 5-15% pelitomorphic limestone, baundstones 3-5%, while sales by 10%), foreign-shelf (skeletal Wackestones and stone pack 30-40%, 20-30% clay, lime pelitomorphic 10%, 20% conversion ), gentle slope (20-30% clay, and stone pack Wackestones 10-15%, 20% limestone pelitomorphic sales by 30-50%) and pelvis (sales and marl limestones with involvement pelitomorphic). Four gas and gas condensate fields have been discovered in the Paleocene carbonate. All of them are located in the intra-shelf zone. The containers are represented by skeletal Wackestones. The reservoirs are porous and cracked porous types. Open porosity – 10-32%, permeability – 0.0005 to 0.045 MCM2.
South Akcakoca Gas: A Black Sea Discovery 30 Years in the Making
Michael J. Fitzgerald, III1, Ed Ramirez1, William Moulton2 and Al Garcia3. (1) Toreador Resources Corp., 4809 Cole Ave, Suite 108, Dallas, TX 75 205, Tel: 214-559-3933, Fax: 214-559-3945, mfitzgerald @ Toreador. net, (2) Independent Consultant, (3) Integral Technology Group
Six Eurasian countries surrounding the Black Sea. Of these six countries the Republic of Turkey’s longest coastline, 1595 km. Bounding of the country. Before 2004 it had only six in the Turkish Black Sea coast, drilled four in the far western Black Sea region and two in the west central area offshore from a small resort, Akcakoca.
The Akcakoca # 1 and # 2 wells were drilled in the middle of 1970 was designed to Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments seen in outcrops on land and to test the ground. Early seismic had the presence of structures, indicated by significant compressional tectonics formed by interference limited confidence. The Akcakoca # 1 well encountered gas shows in Eocene clastics of 1000m to 1400m and third test 25mmcfpd during an open-hole DST. The Akcakoca # 2 well encountered gas shows but no tests were performed.
In 2000 Madison Oil Turkey, later merged with Toreador Resources acquired 962 000 acre permit that the wells contained Akcakoca. Use of existing seismic and the original fountain Toreador explorationists found that significant potential exists for an accumulation. A conventional 2-D seismic and post-high-resolution 2-D surveys enabled geophysics to map velocity anomalies that might be committed in the 1970′s Wells.
In 2004 Ayazli Wildcat # 1 was on a protruded anticline 3 km south of the original Akcakoca # 1 well drilled. This well tested about 12 0mmcfgpd Eocene sands of four years. Drilling in the next two and a half years, the research group drills and 12 successful launch of 14 and the first gas production in the Turkish Black Sea coast.
This paper will review the geology and geophysics, that went into this effort.
Debunking the myths of the Crimean Geology
Igor V. Popadyuk, Naukanaftogaz, Kiev, Ukraine 03035, Phone: 38 044 5852 764, Fax: 38 044 2487 101, popadyuk @ naukanaftogaz. Kiev. UA
The Crimean Mountains in the southernmost part of the Crimean peninsula in southern Ukraine to hold the keys to the Black Sea to understand how the coast of Crimean peninsula extends both western and eastern Black Sea.
At least two myths of the regional stratigraphy could be unmasked. Myth 1: Tauric Group is not Triassic-Early Jurassic in age. Based on published data paleontological (ammonites) It is likely the group Tauric be younger, probably apt-Early-Mid Albian in age. It means that the compressive strength event pelvis on the affected region at the end of the Crimean Mountains, not the Middle Jurassic. Myth 2: The flysch and conglomerate sequences well developed on the eastern Crimea and the Upper Jurassic are commonly in the tertiary age, as it could be concluded on the basis of published paleontological (foraminifera) data. It must have been the volume of clastics of the Crimean Mountains in the Tertiary uplift scales seems significant.
Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous successions are incorporated into two major thrust sheets, designated as structurally high to low Yayla Tauric thrust and thrust. Yayla shear is generally flat marine carbonates of the Late Jurassic-Neocomian age composed. Tauric thrust consists of flysch Tauric succession and equivalent siliciclastic deposits of Apt – Early-Mid Albian age. Both thrust sheets were transported north probably during the Late Albian pulse and sealed by post-tectonic cover of Cenomanian to late Eocene sediments. The Crimean region was tectonically elevated and eroded by the late Eocene.
The tertiary Kamtchia Fluvio-mouth-fan System of Eastern Bulgaria
Rudolf Dellmour, OMV Exploration & Production GmbH, Vienna, Austria Rudolf. Dellmour @ OMV. Gian Gabriele Ori and com, IRSPS, c / o University d’Annunzio, Viale Pindaro 42, Pescara, 65 127, Italy.
OMV Bulgaria considers the “Deep Sea Varna exploration license near the coastal town of Varna in Bulgaria, Eastern Europe. The block covers a large fan-Tertiary system of the Carpathians and Balkanide come.
The tectonically active during the Eocene hinterland provided a large amount of siliciclastics eroded from crystalline and metamorphic rocks of Miocene. These sediments were deposited in floodplains and alluvial aprons is relatively high and periods of tectonic quiescence. Relative low is massive erosion of detritus, which was marked by a paleo-valley system in the deep sea produce flows. Paleovalley This system extends over large parts of the Paleogene and Neogene. Two major sequence of time have been identified along with several smaller unconformities. Today is the “Paleo Kamtchia Incised Valley forms an impressive geomorphic feature in the landscape south of Varna.
Recent geological field work over the last three years showed the sedimentary history from the Eocene to Pliocene. Field evidence for these clastic fluvial system, includes tidal and estuary sedimentary environments. The durable system of the Paleo Kamtchia came to an end when the Danube finally breaks through the Carpathians in the early Quaternary. After this event, captured the Danube river basin of the Paleo Kamtchia reduce Kamtchia River Systems, a stream of minor importance.
3D seismic data acquired in 2006 shows a pronounced and complex deep-sea fan in connection with this “Paleo Kamtchia Incised Valley”. This fan system opens up a new piece in the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, similar to that which has already been chased successfully from Explorationist’s world over the past 20 years.

The Moesian platform: a critical piece in the puzzle of tectonic of the Black Sea region
Gabor Tari, AllyGabor Earth Sciences, 6719 Avenue B, Bellaire, TX 770 401, Tel: 832-724-1404, Gabor @ allygabor. com
Based on recent findings outlined on the structure of Moesian Platform and the Bohemian Massif segments of the European continental margin, a new model of the evolution of these passive margins. The Platform is Moesian than the upper plate, conjugate margin of the Bohemian interpreted segment of the European margin, uneven and drifted during the Middle and Late Jurassic. Moesia, was to be a new microtiter plate by the European margin separately through the end of the Bathonian and began to drift to the SE. There are no limitations on the speed of the drift, but by the Aptian Moesia should have reached his current position, at least 600 km SE from its original position. The direction of the drift of the geometry of the large error can be derived from the NE today Moesian platform, in the broad-Tornquist fault zone Tesseyre, for example, the Peceneaga-bounding fault Camena Dobrogea Orogen. To the SW, projecting the northeastern edge of the Bohemian track below the Pannonian Basin is mappable by reflection seismic data, an additional geometric constraint on the separation of Moesia from Europe. The correct reconstruction of the pre-Jurassic Moesian position of the platform has important implications for the paleogeography of the Black Sea from its opening. For example, the Triassic rift system of Dobrogea in Romania are directly related to the Rift sequence Strandzha in southern Bulgaria offers a much simpler paleogeographic scenario than previously thought.
The geological history of Istria ‘Depression’, Offshore Romania: Tectonic Controls on Second Order Sequence architecture
David boats, Consultant, 12 Elsynge Road, London SW18 United Kingdom, Telephone: 0208 871 0069, david @ elsyngeroad boats. fsnet. co. uk
The Istria ‘depression’ or trough of offshore Romania, lies at the intersection of the trans-European, Tornquist-Teisseyre ‘Zone’ and the Black Sea back arc basin, just outboard of the Eastern Carpathians orogenic world. It is an extraordinary story of the multiphase subsidence, sedimentation and sediment dramatic evacuation experienced during the Mesozoic and Tertiary, which the interplay between these three tectonic domains. First as a trans-tensional rift developed in the Triassic-Jurassic, compressed and deformed during the (?) End Jurassic Cimmerian orogeny. Residual topography was filled by a west-oriented continental clastic-evaporite sequence during the Neocomian. This was terminated by uplift and Doming Apto-Albian rifting associated with back-arc spreading and in the western Black Sea region. Post break-up subsidence and tilting of the Black Sea Rift margin, leading to evacuation of his early Cretaceous eastern sedimentary fill by gravity-driven mass wasting. The margin was later deposition from the East with first within the open trough Istria limited transgressed, and later extended to the surrounding heights. By the end of the Cretaceous period, it was completely buried, only be partly evacuated once again in the early Paleocene, and again quite spectacular during the (?) Late Eocene. The deep gorge at that time was, was quickly filled by Oligocene-Miocene sediments, but the late Miocene (Messinian?) Use of the Black Sea basin was a third period of incision against erosion. Continental-margin outbuilding with Plio-Pleistocene during the deposition of prograding wedges more quickly followed. This was interrupted by a large gravity slide event and several stages of shelf-margin canyon incision and late phase of the shelf edge listric faulting what the final docking of the Carpathian orogen.
Oil and gas prospects of the Ukrainian part of the western Black Sea coast
Oxana Khriachtchevskaia, Naukanaftogaz, Uritskogo St., 45, Kiev, 03035, Ukraine, Phone: +38 (044) 5852762, hryaschevska @ naukanaftogaz. Kiev. UA and Sergiy Stovba, Naukanaftogaz, Uritskoga St., 45, Kiev, 03035, Ukraine.
Eight commercial gas / condensate field discovered within the Odessa shelf was (the western part of the Ukrainian Black Sea) during the last three decades. The success of drilling is 0. 5th The productive horizons are located in Upper Cretaceous, Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene and Miocene sequences. Today’s activity is the exploration inverted structural highs concentrated in shallow waters (350 km ²) in the Tertiary and older sediments are further east in the Sorokin trough and Andrusov Ridge. In the easternmost part of the Ukrainian Black Sea, a number of high-amplitude anticlines has mapped in shallow water depth and a huge Mesozoic structure of 400 square kilometers in the deep water depths (150-700 m). Eocene, Oligocene and Miocene sediments are viewed as source rocks with good potential for hydrocarbon generative. There are strong direct hydrocarbon indicators on seismic data. Create According to the report, shall, within each major Upper Mesozoic formed Cenozoic section in a water depth of 100 m to 2000 m has an area of several hundred square kilometers, with vertical closure of hundreds of meters, and has the potential to one hundred million included barrels of recoverable hydrocarbons. The drilling of Subbotina also up to 4300 m, the high oil and gas potential of Kerch confirmed shelf. Abundant oil and gas reserves have been determined along the line of the well. Some of them were tested in the lower part of the Oligocene sequence with successful results and commercial matters, oil inflow.
The ecology of the Black Sea tectonic
Celal Sengor, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, Tel: 90 212 285 6209, Sengor @ ITU. edu. tr and Boris Nataline.
The Black Sea was in a difficult area. It had tied two against each other and orogenic collages fragments of Gondwana-Land continental margin plastered Orogen: The Scythides, and the two parts of the Cimmerides. It started opening as a result of subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean alpidem in the Apt-Alb-interval and at least in its eastern part, clearly divide continental margin arc. Eastward, it obviously does not connect with the former flysch trough of the Great Caucasus and neither had any relation to the ongoing reduction Cimmeride as late as the Nish-Trojan trough education. It destroyed an existing fabric, but it is noteworthy that the Andrusov Ridge exactly parallels the old Scythide / Cimmeride tissue en-echelon arch segments.
It developed a marginal basin of the Japan Sea-type and even in his history of back arc shortening closely resembles the current structure of the Japan Sea. After the Miocene Arabia / Eurasia final collision, Black Sea began to shorten as far east as Zonguuldak. West of there, it was unanimous in North-south extension with Bulgaria, Macedonia and Greece.
It is noteworthy, such as “Continental” his behavior is. We compare this with that of the Tarim Basin and suggest that the Tarim perhaps a paleo-Black Sea.
Geological history and hydrocarbon potential of the eastern Black Sea region
Anatoly M. Nikishin, Geological Faculty of Moscow State University, Moscow, 119 992, Russia, Phone: (495) 939 49 31, Fax: (495) 939 38 65, Nikishin @ MSU Geol. ru and Aleksandr P. Afanasenkov, YUKOS Oil Companie, Moscow, Russia.
The eastern Black Sea region as a back-arc basin formed during the Cretaceous period. Both the western and eastern Black Sea region were opened almost simultaneously in the Cenomanian to Coniacian times. Shatsky Ridge and was a zone of carbonate-type Pinnacle reefs during the late Jurassic period. It was a platformal area since the Cretaceous period. The Tuapse, Guria and Sorokin was created to pool the Eocene-Oligocene transition as flexural foredeep basin. Shatsky Ridge has been affected by flexural tectonics also at these times. Shatsky Ridge has a Miocene river system. Since Pliocene only Shatsky Ridge was eased up at the same time to 2 km with the most important event in the folding Tuaspe Basin. Hydrocarbon potential of the Shatsky Ridge, Tuapse and Sorokin Basin Basin is associated with: (a) Late Jurassic carbonate platform and the system of large reefs Pinnacle-type: (2) Possible Paleocene bioclastic limestones, (3) possible nummulites Eocene limestones, (4 ) turbitites possible Oligocene sandstone bodies, (5) Miocene river system, (6) Miocene and Pliocene horizons of sandstones.

com

A second